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The simplest method of administering tablets or capsules to dogs is to hide the medication as bait in food. Offer small portions of unbaited cheese, meat, or some favorite food to the dog initially. Then offer one portion that includes the medication. Note: Oral medication frequently is dispensed to owners without regard for the client's knowledge of how to administer a pill or tablet or without asking whether the client is even physically able to administer medications.
Clear instructions that include having the client perform the technique in the hospital significantly improve compliance. For anorexic dogs or when pills must be given without food, give medications quickly and decisively so that the process of administering the medication is accomplished before the dog realizes what has happened. With cooperative dogs, insert the thumb of one hand through the interdental space, and gently touch the hard palate. This will induce the cooperative dog to open its mouth Figure Using the opposite hand the one holding the medication , gently press down on the mandible to open the mouth further Figure Quickly place the tablet or capsule onto the caudal aspect of the tongue.
Quickly withdraw the hand and close the dog's mouth. When the dog licks its nose, the medication likely has been swallowed. Dogs that offer more resistance can be induced to open their mouths by compressing their upper lips against their teeth. As they open the mouth, roll their lips medially so that if they attempt to close the mouth, they will pinch their own lips. Alternatively, dripping water onto the nostrils or blowing into the patient's nose sometimes encourages the patient to accept and swallow oral medications tablets or capsules.
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Pilling syringes are also available and in some dogs seem to work well. Critical to the oral administration of medication is the ability of the owner to effectively administer the medication at home. Animals that aggressively resist oral medication should be treated by alternative methodsβfor example, parenteral administration of medication.
